PC-98 Programmable Controller PJ-01 JoyCont

The Spital PJ-01 is a programmable controller that, according to the packaging, is compatible with the following computers (and possibly others):

  • NEC PC-9801
  • NEC PC-9821
  • NEC PC-H98
  • Epson PC-286/386/486
  • PC-Club PC-286C

What makes this controller special is the fact that it sends keyboard inputs (it can even do macros!) instead of acting like a controller. A lot of games on the PC-98 will make use of a controller plugged into the sound card or mouse port, but not all will and several that do may be missing buttons.

Some of the most well known and beloved PC-98 games come from the Touhou series. I played my first Touhou shmup (I think it was probably Perfect Cherry Blossom) on an old Windows box but the series got its start on the PC-98. While most games on the PC-98 use two buttons, some of the later Touhou games use three (shot, bomb, and slow movement) which means most of my main controller is missing a button (the slow movement button in this case). The games are playable without this button but maneuvering through heavy cascades of boss bullets can be pretty rough at full speed. I have been looking for a way to improve the experience, without resorting to using the keyboard, and I came across this unique device. With the JoyCont you get the best of both worlds, the compatibility of a keyboard and comfort of a 6 button controller. So how does it work?

Keyboard plugged into JoyCont plugged into PC-9821

Button Programming

A PC-98 keyboard plugs into the female side of the JoyCont cable and the male side of the JoyCont cable plugs into the computer’s keyboard port. This allows the controller to intercept key presses while programming.

To program a button, for instance let’s program the A button to the SHIFT key.

  1. Set the selector switch to the PRO (program) side
  2. While holding down the A button, press the SHIFT key on the keyboard
  3. Set the switch back to the SND (send) side
  4. A should now be mapped to SHIFT

For Touhou games I first tested using this mapping:

Touhou Action JoyCont Button Keyboard Key
Shoot AZ
Slow CSHIFT
Bomb BX
Pause OPT2ESCAPE

It felt decent but I always felt like I was going to accidentally bomb because of the buttons not being angled/rotated enough and the edge of my thumb was always touching the B button. I then tried the following mapping which I felt worked pretty well and will be what I stick with for now:

Touhou ActionJoyCont ButtonKeyboard Key
ShootBZ
SlowDSHIFT
BombAX
PauseOPT2ESCAPE

Directional Pad

The direction pad can be used in two different ways, 4 and 8 mode.

  • In 4 mode, diagonals on the controller are combinations of two buttons (ex: Up + Right on the controller will register as 8 + 6 on the keyboard number pad)
  • In 8 mode, diagonals on the controller register as separate inputs (ex: Up + Right on the controller will register as 9 on the keyboard number pad)

For Touhou games I leave the controller in 4 mode.

Note: the directional pad can be remapped the same way you remap action buttons above which is great for games that may use the arrow keys on the keyboard or even other random keys for movement.

Review

After programming the controller’s buttons I set out trying some games. Here’s a list of Touhou games tested:

  1. Highly Responsive to Prayers
    1. Normal controllers do not work at all with this game so the JoyCont, acting as a keyboard, makes this game playable for me
  2. Story of Eastern Wonderland
    1. Normal controllers do not work at all with this game so the JoyCont, acting as a keyboard, makes this game playable for me
  3. Phantasmagoria of Dim.Dream
    1. Works fine with this game but since Phantasmagoria has only two buttons the JoyCont doesn’t offer anything unique
  4. Lotus Land Story
    1. JoyCont offers the ability to use all 3 action buttons in this game which I cannot do with other controllers
  5. Mystic Square
    1. JoyCont offers the ability to use all 3 action buttons in this game which I cannot do with other controllers

After playing for about 30 minutes, I switched back to my normal controller which plugs into the mouse port on my PC-9821Ap. I immediately noticed how responsive the old controller felt. After switching back and forth a few times I can say with some certainty that the JoyCont has several frames of input delay. This was unexpected and truly disheartening as it made playing games with lots of heavy action, like Shmups, more difficult than they already are. It felt like the character I was controlling had gained a good 30 pounds and I was dragging them behind me.

Recommendations

I have very mixed feelings about this controller. It does function for what it was made for. With this controller, not only do I get full use of all game buttons in Touhou games, but I’m able to play some of the older Touhou games with a controller, which is amazing in its own right. If it wasn’t for the, obvious to me, latency on all inputs I would be able to wholeheartedly recommend the JoyCont, but because of this, I don’t think I’ll be fully switching to this controller over my, near zero frame delay, other controllers. Some of you may not be bothered by, or even notice the input delay when using this controller, but if you are sensitive to that kind of thing then you may want to stay clear of this one. If you are still interested, they show up occasionally on Yahoo JP Auctions ranging from 3,000¥ to 9,000¥.

4 thoughts on “PC-98 Programmable Controller PJ-01 JoyCont

  1. Well that ended disappointingly! Maybe you have the know-how to improve the response time, though? Perhaps there are faster versions of some of the logic chips on the game controller, which might make it closer to real-time.

    • That may be possible but, sadly, a bit beyond my abilities. At this point, modifying a keyboard to add a controller port is starting to feel a bit more reasonable.

  2. Bummer about the passthrough adding lag. I’m curious to do something similar for some old DOS/Windows PC’s and people seem to have more success with more recent keyboard port hijacking hardware. Can’t win them all.

    Unrelated to this post, but I suppose I’ll ask here, but which of the PC-9821’s have the CPU/Hi-Res hard dip switches as described in your PC-9821 Cheat Sheet reference? I see some tabs on the front sides of A-Mate units but they don’t look like dip switches; they look like they’re release tabs for ejecting the front bezel.

  3. Yeah, it was pretty disappointing. I would love to see a modern version of this or a box that provides this functionality with any classic or modern 4+ button controller. Pretty much something that can do what this was trying to do, just without the lag.

    I believe the PC-9821 As, Ap, As2, and Ap2 at least have them. There’s a little door on a hinge on the bottom right below the drive bays, beside the power button that covers these switches. On my PC-9821 Ap there are two switches: 1) CPU Speed (H, M, L), 2) Resolution Mode (N, H), and a volume dial. Here’s a photo https://imgur.com/a/yjhmXwa

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